NASDAQ  hit not the last
   e-risk analysis 
  
London, UK, 15:30 GMT 16th September 1999 - The recent hack of the 
	NASDAQ and AMEX web site (www.nasdaq-amex.com), in which the hacker group 
	'United Loan Gunmen' (ULG) infiltrated the internet computing end and defaced 
	the web site demonstrates graphically the vulnerability of very high profile 
	web sites. This attack succeeds recent attacks by ULG on other well known 
	web sites - C-Span, ABC and Matt Drudge - highlighting the concern that successful 
	web sites and on-line businesses are more vulnerable to Cyber Attack, as they 
	receive more unwanted attention from hackers. This is simply because the hacker 
	groups are aware of the influence of these well viewed sites. By attacking 
	them, the hackers are more likely to achieve their disparate aims of embezzlement, 
	extortion or notoriety.
  mi2g software comment
  "On-line financial institutions, bourses and 
	shopping sites ought to be aware that they need to put internet security at 
	the top of the board agenda. Whilst the security blue print is off-the-shelf 
	and not unique in architecture, high profile hacking attacks will become weekly 
	and then daily. The inevitable consequences when the hack becomes public knowledge 
	are likely to be a sharp drop in share price and Downstream Liability for 
	the victim", said D K Matai, Managing Director of mi2g 
	software.
  Analysis
  For this information please contact e-risk.analysis@mi2g.com
  Long Term View
  At present the 'source code' of most commercial software is not available 
	publicly. If a security hole is discovered by a well sized client company, 
	their own programers can't plug the hole directly, they have to wait for the 
	vendor to provide a patch, which may be made available in a few days, weeks 
	or months. For older operating systems and standard applications, where some 
	standard security concerns have been addressed, the 24-hour, 365-day, non 
	stop international threat arising from a networked culture was not adequately 
	considered in the beginning because it did not exist at that time. The loss-of-confidence 
	cost of correcting the architectural flaws is so high that it is likely that 
	newer open operating systems with bespoke fortress architecture will ultimately 
	supersede in security critical areas for large clients.
  Background:
  1. mi2g software presented seminars on e-risk at Richards Butler 
	on 4th August and Hammond Suddards on 8th September. A total of 220 CEOs, 
	FDs and Partners from USA, Germany, Japan and Britain have attended the events 
	which highlight the threat to e-commerce systems from Cyber Warfare. We presented 
	an update on all major Cyber Warfare incidents and trends within the escalating 
	threat to e-commerce businesses, financial institutions and multi-national 
	corporations. Future seminars on e-risk are planned for October and November 
	99.
  2. Downstream Liability is the real possibility of litigation 
	arising from customers and businesses that have bought a product or a service 
	from a vendor in good faith and have surrendered personal and financial information 
	about themselves for a declared purpose only.
  3. The total cost of servicing Cyber Warfare incidents worldwide 
	is likely to exceed $20 Billion in 1999 according to mi2g software. 
	In the last seven months, there have been three major virus attacks and several 
	full scale Cyber Attacks. Melissa in March, Chernobyl in April and the fatal 
	ExploreZip in June cost corporations huge unplanned and unbudgeted resources. 
	The cost of disabled computers and their down time through each major worldwide 
	Cyber Warfare incident is already exceeding $2.5 Billion.
  4. mi2g software (www.mi2g.com) is a leading edge London based 
	e-commerce enterprise specialising in e-commerce risk management and bespoke 
	security architecture.